The candidates will demonstrate knowledge of psychological, sociological, and linguistic foundations of reading and writing processes and instruction (IRA standard 1.1).

The candidates will demonstrate knowledge of reading research and histories of reading (IRA Standard 1.2).

The candidates will demonstrate knowledge of language development and reading acquisition and the variations related to cultural and linguistic diversity (IRA standard 1.3).

The candidates will demonstrate knowledge of the major components of reading (phonemic awareness, word identification and phonics, vocabulary and background knowledge, fluency, comprehension strategies, and motivation), and how they are integrated in fluent reading (IRA Standard 1.4).